Irish History Podcast

In the late 1960s, the Provisional IRA and what became modern Sinn Féin emerged from a bitter split in the Irish republican movement. This split would shape not only the Troubles but also Irish politics down to the present day.

However, for the last five decades, the story of how and why that split occurred has been clouded by enduring conspiracy theories.

The most prominent of these claims that the Irish government in Dublin orchestrated the split to create a more conservative force in the Provisional IRA and neutralise left-wing republicanism. Many opponents of the Provisionals in the rival Left Wing Official IRA understood these events through this lens.

Meanwhile, unionists believed the Provisionals had been created by politicians in Dublin in the hope of destabilising the Northern state. The theory also found adherents among the political enemies of Charles Haughey and Neil Blaney, two politicians whose actions lie at the heart of these claims.

Yet the history of those fateful years tells a different story: one of uncertainty and desperation. Conspiratorial interpretations also overlook how politicians in later decades were happy to court such understandings to suit their own ends. In this episode, I am joined by Dr Brian Hanley to thrash out what happened in late 1969 and 1970 and why the IRA split. We discuss where conspiracy theories come from, why they are more common than we might imagine and what purpose they serve. We then explore how the Provisional IRA emerged and became the dominant force in Irish republicanism.

The picture that emerges is far from straightforward and at times, disquieting. Rather than being controlled by a handful of people, events sometimes seemed to gather a momentum of their own. There were many forces at play, but no hidden hand at work.

Sound by Kate Dunlea.
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The 18th century was a golden age of Irish smuggling. It's estimated that as many as one third of all luxury goods entering Ireland were brought in by smugglers. Far from being a fringe activity, smuggling was woven into the wider economy and remarkably was often a community enterprise with entire villages involved. It's very different than we imagine: while perhaps less glamorous, it was far more lucrative and important to the Irish economy. In this episode I'm joined by historian James Doherty to explore why smuggling boomed in the 18th century, who was involved and why entire communities along the Irish coast got in on the act.

My guest James Doherty is a historian based in Waterford with interests in Military History and the history of smuggling in Ireland in the 18th and 19th centuries.

Sound by Kate Dunlea
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Become a supporter at https://www.patreon.com/c/IrishpodcastOn 26 August 1940, two German aircraft crossed the coast of County Wexford and flew towards the small village of Campile. One aircraft dropped bombs near Ambrosetown, while the other attacked the tiny village of Campile a few miles further east. Three women, Mary Ellen Kent, Catherine Kent and Kathleen Hurley were killed.

The bombing shattered the belief that Ireland’s neutrality could protect it from the Second World War. It also ignited a debate that has lasted for decades: Was the attack intentional or were the pilots lost? While politicians attempted to reduce tensions, investigations by An Garda Síochána and Irish Military Intelligence reached disturbing conclusions.

They believed Campile had been deliberately targeted by the Nazis. In this episode I explore what happened. I also explore why Irish Military Intelligence were convinced the Nazis intentionally bombed this tiny Irish village at the height of the Battle of Britain and what it purpose it served.

Written, researched and presented by: Fin Dwyer
Sound: Kate Dunlea
Additional narration: Aidan Crowe and Therese Murray

Further Reading and Listening:
The Campile Bombing, August 26th, 1940, Horeswood Historical Society. This detailed local history includes eyewitness accounts, photographs and primary material relating to the attack.
Michael Kennedy, Guarding Neutral Ireland: The Coast Watching Service and Military Intelligence, 1939–1945.
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On 7 May 1915, the passenger liner RMS Lusitania was torpedoed by the German submarine U-20 off the coast of County Cork. The enormous ship sank in just 18 minutes, killing over one thousands people.

The sinking became one of the most controversial events of the First World War, provoking questions that remains the source of debate today.

Why did the Lusitania sink so quickly? What caused the second explosion reported by survivors? How much ammunition and war material was the ship carrying? Did this cargo make the ship a legitimate military target or was the attack a crime against civilians?

In this episode, I am joined by Shannon Forde, manager of the Lusitania Museum and Old Head Signal Tower in Kinsale. We discuss the history of the famous ocean liner, how it compared with the Titanic, the events of its final voyage and the experiences of those caught up in the disaster. We also examine the enduring controversies surrounding the sinking, from the Lusitania’s cargo to the actions of the German submarine and the British authorities.

Support the Irish History Podcast at patreon.com/irishpodcast

The Lusitania Museum & Old Head Signal Tower is open 10am – 5pm 7 days a week from March to October. https://www.oldheadofkinsale.com

I will have more detail on the supporters tour mentioned in the episode later in the week!

Sound by Kate Dunlea

My Guest is Shannon Forde. Shannon is a native of Kinsale, County Cork. She completed a MA in Irish History in Maynooth University, and has worked in Charles Fort, Kinsale and as a Heritage Specialist with Cork County Council. She researched and authored a local history book on the War of Independence in Kinsale. Shannon has been the Manager of the Lusitania Museum & Old Head Signal Tower since 2022 – which is a non profit community project at the Old Head of Kinsale. In 2025 she authored a book detailing the story of this community project from restoring a derelict Napoleonic signal tower to plans for a dedicated Lusitania Museum onsite.
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Every year, fragments of long-lost ships wash ashore on Irish beaches. They are remnants of the thousands of shipwrecks scattered around our coast, dating from Prehistory to the Second World War. Each wreck has a fascinating story from how they went down to their rediscovery often centuries later.

In this episode, I speak with Dublin Port Heritage Director Lar Joye at a new exhibition exploring the shipwrecks of Dublin Bay. Our conversation explores several disasters including the famous cases of the Leinster, the Dorset and the Tayleur.

We discuss the stories behind these ships, why shipwrecks were so common in the past and why fragments of wrecks continue to wash ashore today.

Visit the exhibition: https://www.dublinport.ie/shipwrecks-of-dubln-bay-exhibition-at-the-substation/

Upcoming events at the Substation:https://www.dublinport.ie/heritage-week/

My guest, Lar Joye, has served as Port Heritage Director at Dublin Port since 2017. He cares for the 300-year-old Port Archive and leads projects reconnecting the working port with the city through heritage, culture and public access. Before joining Dublin Port, Lar worked as a film archivist and as Curator of Irish Military History at the National Museum of Ireland. There he led the team behind the award-winning Soldiers & Chiefs exhibition which explores the history of Irish soldiers at home and abroad from 1550 to the present.
Sound: Kate Dunlea
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