Who Arted: Weekly Art History for All Ages

The Parthenon, a crowning achievement of Classical Greek architecture, was constructed on the Athenian Acropolis between 447 BCE and 432 BCE during the golden age of Athens. Commissioned under the leadership of the prominent statesman Pericles, the monumental project brought together the master sculptor Phidias and the brilliant architects Iktinos and Kallikrates. Embodying the ideals of structural harmony and human naturalism, the temple features celebrated optical refinements known as entasis, which include subtly swelling columns that tilt inward and an upward-curving stone foundation. These meticulous geometric adjustments were engineered to counteract visual distortions, creating a perfect illusion of straight lines and symmetry for the human eye. Beyond its primary role as a religious temple dedicated to the goddess Athena, the Parthenon functioned as a highly secure civic vault, safeguarding the financial reserves of the Delian League.

Over its millennia-long history, the structure underwent dramatic transformations that mirrored the shifting political landscape of the Mediterranean. It was converted into a Byzantine Christian church dedicated to the Virgin Mary in the late sixth century CE, and later adapted into an Islamic mosque complete with a minaret following the Ottoman conquest in 1456. A catastrophic gunpowder explosion devastated the building in 1687 during the Morean War, when a Venetian mortar round struck the interior cella where Ottoman forces had stored ammunition. The surviving architectural treasures—including high-relief metopes, majestic pediment sculptures, and a 524-foot continuous low-relief frieze carved from Pentelic marble—depict vivid narratives of Greek mythology and civic processions. Today, these ancient artifacts remain central to global conversations regarding cultural property and museum ethics, particularly due to ongoing international repatriation campaigns for the Elgin Marbles displayed in the British Museum.

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The image used in the episode cover art came from Adobe's stock photos.

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Today, I am sharing an episode of my other podcast Fun Facts Daily focusing on the Marine Corps War Memorial and the iconic image of soldiers raising the flag.

The Marine Corps War Memorial in Arlington, Virginia, honors all United States Marine Corps personnel who lost their lives in service to their country since 1775. Sculpted by Felix de Weldon, the massive bronze statue recreates the iconic, Pulitzer Prize-winning photograph captured by Joe Rosenthal during the Battle of Iwo Jima. The monument depicts a historic tableau of six service members raising the American flag atop Mount Suribachi, symbolizing a critical turning point in a grueling 36-day campaign. Resting upon a massive foundation of polished Swedish black granite, the structure features engraved names of pivotal military engagements and a lasting tribute to the uncommon valor displayed by those on the battlefield.

A fascinating historical paradox surrounds the physical design of the monument's figures. While the statue visually pays tribute to the battlefield actions of combatants later identified as Harold Schultz and Harold Keller, the actual bronze faces belong to Rene Gagnon and John Bradley, who originally modeled for the sculptor after the war. The complex production process required the monument to be cast in over 100 individual bronze pieces in Brooklyn, New York, before being transported to Virginia for its permanent installation. Today, the site serves as a powerful symbol of military sacrifice and American resilience, illuminated nightly beneath a 24-hour cloth American flag mandated by a historic presidential proclamation.

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Jasper Johns, born May 15, 1930, in Augusta, Georgia, significantly influenced mid-century American painting by reintroducing recognizable, everyday imagery into fine art. After pursuing an art degree at the University of South Carolina and studying at the Parsons School of Design, Johns served in the U.S. Army during the Korean War. Upon returning to New York City in 1953, he established a studio in lower Manhattan and became part of an avant-garde artistic community alongside figures like Robert Rauschenberg and John Cage. This group sought to challenge Abstract Expressionism, the dominant movement of the era, which favored raw emotion and non-representational forms. Seeking a distinct creative identity, Johns took the radical step in 1954 of destroying nearly all his previous derivative artworks that were still in his possession.

Johns developed a style later classified as Neo-Dada, paving the way for the pop art movement by focusing on commonplace subjects like targets, maps, letters, numbers, and flags. His breakthrough piece, Flag (1954–55), was inspired by a vivid dream and depicted the 48-star American flag utilizing encaustic—an ancient painting technique involving pigments mixed with heated beeswax. This fast-hardening medium allowed Johns to rapidly layer materials, including scraps of The New York Times, giving his work a highly textured, three-dimensional physical presence. Early in his career, to financially support himself, Johns also worked under the pseudonym Matson Jones alongside Rauschenberg, creating commercial window displays for luxury retailers like Tiffany & Co.. Decades later, his extensive contributions to American art history were recognized on February 15, 2011, when President Barack Obama awarded him the Presidential Medal of Freedom.

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Check out my other podcasts  Fun Facts Daily | Art Smart | Rainbow Puppy Science Lab

Who ARTed is an Airwave Media Podcast. If you are interested in advertising on this or any other Airwave Media show, email: [email protected]
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Walter De Maria (1935-2013) was a pivotal figure in Minimalism, Conceptual Art, and Land Art, known for large-scale environmental installations. His significant works include The New York Earth Room and The Lightning Field. The Lightning Field, commissioned by the Dia Art Foundation and completed in 1977 in Catron County, New Mexico, comprises 400 stainless steel poles arranged in a precise grid, designed to interact with light and evoke the sublime. De Maria's art often explores themes of scale, human perception, and the relationship between nature and human intervention, emphasizing direct viewer experience over traditional art consumption.

My guest this week is Tim Bogatz, host of ⁠Art Ed Radio⁠ from ⁠The Art of Education University⁠.

Tim and I are both active on the ⁠Art of Ed Community⁠ and I would encourage all my fellow art teachers to join if you haven't already.

If you are interested in learning more about The Lightning Field or you would like to try to make the pilgrimage and stay there, check head over to ⁠Diaart.org⁠

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For just $3 per month, you can get ad-free versions of Fun Facts Daily, Who ARTed and Art Smart. Head over to ⁠https://www.patreon.com/cw/FunFactsDailyPod⁠ if you are interested.

Check out my other podcasts ⁠ Art Smart⁠ |⁠ Rainbow Puppy Science Lab⁠

Who ARTed is an⁠ Airwave Media⁠ Podcast. If you are interested in advertising on this or any other Airwave Media show, email: ⁠[email protected]
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Domenikos Theotokopoulos, better known as El Greco, was a singular figure in art history who bridged the gap between Byzantine tradition and Western modernism. Born in Crete in 1541, he trained as an icon painter before moving to Venice and Rome, where he absorbed the vibrant colors of the High Renaissance. However, his bold personality and vocal criticism of local heroes like Michelangelo made it difficult for him to thrive in Italy. In 1577, he moved to Toledo, Spain, where he spent the rest of his life creating his most famous works for the Church and private intellectuals.

El Greco is best remembered as a leading Mannerist. His style rejected strict realism in favor of emotional intensity, featuring elongated figures twisted in unnatural poses and bathed in eerie, acid-green or blue light. While a popular scientific theory in the early 20th century suggested these distortions were caused by astigmatism, historians have proven they were a deliberate stylistic choice intended to emphasize spiritual mysticism. He was also known for his litigious nature, frequently suing clients to ensure painting was respected as a high intellectual pursuit rather than a common craft.

One of his crowning achievements is The Burial of the Count Orgaz (1586). This massive painting, located in the Church of Santo Tomé in Toledo, visually synthesizes his two main influences. The lower half depicts a miraculous funeral with striking realism, including portraits of local contemporaries, while the upper half represents the heavens with swirling, abstract forms.

Although El Greco fell into obscurity for nearly three centuries after his death in 1614, he was rediscovered by Romantic and Expressionist artists in the 19th century. His unique approach to form and space became a major influence on modern masters, specifically Pablo Picasso, who used El Greco’s distortion as a blueprint for the development of Cubism.

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For just $3 per month, you can get ad-free versions of Fun Facts Daily, Who ARTed and Art Smart. Head over to ⁠https://www.patreon.com/cw/FunFactsDailyPod⁠ if you are interested.

Check out my other podcasts  Fun Facts Daily | Art Smart | Rainbow Puppy Science LabWho ARTed is an Airwave Media Podcast. If you are interested in advertising on this or any other Airwave Media show, email: [email protected]
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