Kreisky Forum Talks

• „FREE NELSON MANDELA“ - Österreichische Solidarität mit Südafrika zur Zeit der Apartheid – und heute?

  „FREE NELSON MANDELA“Österreichische Solidarität mit Südafrika zur Zeit der Apartheid – und heute? Das erst vor wenigen Monaten erschienene Buch “Free Nelson Mandela” beschreibt die Geschichte der Anti-Apartheid-Bewegung in Österreich aus der Sicht der aktiv involvierten Personen: ihre oftmals sehr persönliche Auseinandersetzung mit rassistischer Propaganda, politischen und wirtschaftlichen Seilschaften sowie kolonialistischen Stereotypen. Ihr Eintreten für die Freilassung aller politischen Gefangenen der Apartheid, die strikte Umsetzung des UN-Waffenembargos, für einen Boykott südafrikanischer Produkte und von Sanktionen gegen das international isolierte Regime war eine wesentliche Triebkraft österreichischer Solidarität mit dem demokratischen Widerstand in Südafrika. Gleichzeitig forderten sie von der Regierung Kohärenz zwischen der verbalen Verurteilung des rassistischen Systems im damaligen Südafrika und der außen- und wirtschaftspolitischen Praxis ein.Was ist heute in Österreich – und darüber hinaus – vom Geist internationaler Solidarität geblieben? Und angesichts der Attacken der USA gegen die Errungenschaften der Ära Mandela: Braucht es eine neue Solidarität mit Südafrika? Walter Sauer, Historiker an der Universität Wien, 1988–1993 Vorsitzender der Anti-Apartheid-Bewegung in Österreich und seither ihrer Nachfolgeorganisation, des Dokumentations- und Kooperationszentrums Südliches Afrika (SADOCC).Ferdinand Lacina, Bundesminister a.D.Lucile Dreidémy, Professorin für Österreichische Zeitgeschichte seit 1918 im internationalen Kontext an der Universität Wien und Mitglied des Wissenschaftlichen Beirats des Bruno Kreisky-Forums.Rapulane Molekane, Botschafter der Republik Südafrika in Österreich, der Slowakischen Republik und der Republik Slowenien sowie Ständiger Vertreter Südafrikas bei den internationalen Organisationen in WienBegrüßung und Moderation:Georg Lennkh, Vorstandsmitglied BKF, Österreichischer Sonderbeauftragter für Afrika 2005 bis 2011.

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• Branko Milanović: VISIONS OF INEQUALITY

  Robert Misik in conversation with Branko MilanovićVISIONS OF INEQUALITYA sweeping and original history of how economists across two centuries have thought about inequality, told through portraits of six key figures. “How do you see income distribution in your time, and how and why do you expect it to change?” That is the question Branko Milanović imagines posing to six of history’s most influential economists: François Quesnay, Adam Smith, David Ricardo, Karl Marx, Vilfredo Pareto, and Simon Kuznets. Probing their works in the context of their lives, he charts the evolution of thinking about inequality, showing just how much views have varied among ages and societies. Indeed, Milanović argues, we cannot speak of “inequality” as a general concept: any analysis of it is inextricably linked to a particular time and place.Meticulously extracting each author’s view of income distribution from their often voluminous writings, Milanovic offers an invaluable genealogy of the discourse surrounding inequality. These intellectual portraits are infused not only with a deep understanding of economic theory but also with psychological nuance, reconstructing each thinker’s outlook given what was knowable to them within their historical contexts and methodologies.Branko Milanović is Senior Scholar at the Stone Center on Socio-Economic Inequality at the City University of New York and Visiting Professor at the International Inequalities Institute at the London School of Economics and Political Science. Formerly Lead Economist in the World Bank’s research department, he is the author of Capitalism, Alone; and The Haves and the Have-Nots.Robert Misik, Author and Journalist

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• Hannes Werther: DIGITALER HUMANISMUS

  Robert Misik im Gespräch mit Hannes WerthnerDIGITALER HUMANISMUSDie ungeregelte Macht der Tech-Giganten: Eine Gefahr für die Demokratie? Die Informationstechnologie verändert uns, unsere Gesellschaft, unsere Welt, von der individuellen Ebene bis hin zu geopolitischen Machtspielen. Sie beeinflusst auch, wie wir die Welt sehen und über sie denken. Sind wir gar nur mehr Wurmfortsatz der Maschinen? Dieser Wandel geschah in einer für die Geschichte der Menschheit extrem kurzen Zeitspanne und mit sehr hoher Geschwindigkeit. Und er dauert an – mit Künstlicher Intelligenz als aktuell herausragendem Beispiel. IT hat das Potenzial, zur Lösung der Krisen dieser Welt beizutragen, unsere Welt besser zu machen, gleichzeitig ist sie Teil des Problems (für manche sogar die Ursache).Hannes Werthner thematisiert die fortschreitende Digitalisierung inklusive Künstliche Intelligenz, beschreibt die enormen Möglichkeiten, die sich daraus ergeben, und analysiert auch deren gravierende Mängel. Und er beschreibt auf emeinverständliche Weise die Geschichte und das Funktionieren von Digitalisierung und Künstlicher Intelligenz.Sein Konzept des Digitalen Humanismus versteht sich als Antwort auf diese Situation und will – neben der Analyse der Wechselwirkung von Mensch und Maschine   – durch aktive Einflussnahme digitale Technologien gestalten und regeln, sodass sie zum Wohl von Mensch und Natur eingesetzt werden. Modertion: Robert Misik, Autor und JournalistHannes Werthner war Informatikprofessor an der TU Wien, wo er auch als Dekan der Fakultät für Informatik tätig war. Davor Professuren im In- und Ausland. Seine Forschungsschwerpunkte liegen in Bereichen wie Decision Support Systems, E-Commerce und Empfehlungssysteme. Neben Forschung und Lehre startete er an der TU Wien mehrere Initiativen wie die Vienna PhD School of Informatics oder das i2c / Informatics Innovation Center. Er beobachtet aufmerksam, wie Informatik und Informationstechnologie die Welt und uns verändern. Das ist seine Motivation für den Digitalen Humanismus, dessen Wiener Manifest er 2019 initiierte.

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• Amr Adly, Amr Hamzawy & Oraib Al-Rantawi: EGYPT AND JORDAN IN THE LIGHT OF THE GAZA WAR - ARAB POSITIONS FOR THE WAY FORWARD

  Gudrun Harrer in conversation with Amir Adly, Amr Hamzawy and Oraib Al-RantawiEGYPT AND JORDAN IN THE LIGHT OF THE GAZA WAR: ARAB POSITIONS FOR THE WAY FORWARD Egypt and Jordan are the most affected Arab states by the war in Gaza which followed the attack by Hamas on Israel on 7th October 2023. Immediate neighbours of the Gaza Strip and the Westbank respectively, they suffer dramatic direct economic, political and social impact which is adding to pre-existing vulnerabilities.Jordan has a majority population of Palestinian origin, Egypt has a deep historic relationship with the Gaza Strip which was under the administration of Cairo until the Israeli occupation in 1967. Among other economic woes, Egypt is confronted with a steep reduction of income from the Suez Canal due to the Yemeni Houthi’s war against commercial shipping in the Red Sea in the name of assistance to Hamas.Furthermore, Cairo and Amman were worried by US president Donald Trump’s remarks who seemed to favour Palestinian migration from the Gaza Strip to other countries, especially Egypt and Jordan. In the beginning of March, Egypt presented her own Gaza reconstruction plan, endorsed by the League of the Arab States. Support came recently from French President Emmanuel Macron at a summit with the leaders of Egypt and Jordan in Cairo.The panel will discuss the effect and impact of the Gaza war on the MENA region, Egypt and Jordan in particular, and the possible Arab path forward. What role for Europe in this scenario?Amr Adly is an associate professor in the department of political science at The American University in Cairo (AUC). He worked as a non-resident scholar at the Carnegie Middle East Center, where his research centered on political economy, development studies, and economic sociology of the Middle East, with a focus on Egypt.  Adly has taught political economy at AUC and Stanford University. He is the author of cleft capitalism: the social origins of failed market-making in Egypt (Stanford University Press, 2020) and state reform and development in the Middle East: the cases of Turkey and Egypt (Routledge, 2012). He has been published in several peer-reviewed journals, including Geoforum, Business and Politics, the journal of Turkish Studies, and Middle Eastern Studies. Adly is also a frequent contributor to print and online news sources, including Bloomberg, Jadaliyya, and al-Manasa. (Online participation)Amr Hamzawy is a senior fellow and the director of the Carnegie Middle East Program. He was previously an associate professor of political science at Cairo University and a public policy professor of the practice at the American University in Cairo.Hamzawy is a former member of the People’s Assembly after being elected in the first Parliamentary elections in Egypt after the January 25, 2011 revolution. He is also a former member of the Egyptian National Council for Human Rights. Hamzawy contributes a weekly op-ed to the Arab daily al-Quds al-Arabi.Oraib Al-Rantawi is the founder and director general of the Amman-based Al Quds Center for Political Studies and an established writer and columnist. He has authored and edited several strategic studies and organized and participated in seminars and conferences in Jordan and internationally. He is also a frequent commentator and analyst on television and has produced his own show “Qadaya wa Ahdath” (Issues and Events.)Gudrun Harrer, Senior Editor, Der Standard; Lecturer in Modern History and Politics of the Middle East at the University of Vienna and the Diplomatic Academy of Vienna

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• Sara Wahedi & Parasto Hakim: AFGHANISTAN – LIGHT IN THE DARKNESS

  Tobias Matern in conversation with Sara Wahedi and Parasto HakimAFGHANISTAN – LIGHT IN THE DARKNESS The Taliban took power in Afghanistan in the summer of 2021. Their agenda: to re-establish the „era of darkness“ for Afghan women. Under the regime, women are not allowed to move freely, face harsh work restrictions and girls may offically attend schools only until 6th grade.But there is hope: Afghan millennials who are advovating for change, even from exile.Sara Wahedi, 30 years old, is an Afghan-Canadian tech-entrepeneur and human rights activists. She was was named one of „Time Magazine’s Next Generation Leaders“ and was also on the Forbes Magazine entrepeneur list „30 under 30“. Ms. Wahedi developed the „Ehtesab“ app in Afghansitan which helps users to navigate through gunfire, roadblocks, explosions and other security risks. She is the Chief Executive Officer of Civaam, a civic-tech startup which develops technological solutions for crisis-affected regions. Born in Kabul in 1995, her family moved to Canada in 2005. In 2017, Ms. Wahedi returned to Kabul  and stayed until the Taliban takeover in August 2021. She holds a degree from Columbia University in New York City and attends Oxford University in London.  Her aim is to get “Afghan women and girls’ voices out at the forefront of public conversations”. And she firmly believes that tech can bring change to people who are deprieved from their rights.Parasto Hakim, 27 years old, was born in Pakistan in a refugee center.  Her Family returned to Afghanistan when she was six months old. She grew up during the first Taliban regime (1996-2001).Ms. Hakim attended school and university in Kabul and worked in the Afghan government as policy advisor on education and for international organizations as communication coordinator.After the Taliban re-gained power in 2021, she started the Srak-NGO. Srak translates from Pashto as „first light in the morning“. The initiative focuses on empowering women and girls through education, skill-building programs, online education, and literacy opportunities.Ms Hakim´s  NGO operates 15 underground schools in Afghanistan and has benefited over 2000 individuals. She was forced to leave Afghanistan after receiving threats in 2023. She is a member of the „Vienna Process for a Democratic Afghanistan“ where opposition groups work on a plan for the the future of the country. In recognition of her efforts, Ms. Hakim was nominated for the Sakharov Prize in 2023.Tobias Matern, born in 1978, is head of international politics at the Süddeutsche Zeitung in Munich. He studied political science in Berlin and attended the American University School of Journalism in Washington D.C. on a Fulbright scholarship. Matern has been with SZ since 2004. He was a correspondent for South and Southeast Asia based in Delhi and Bangkok during the height of the war in Afghanistan. He has interviewed and portrayed comedians, ministers, presidents, writers and psychotherapists in South Asia. He curated an exhibition on Afghanistan for the ‘Fünf Kontinente’ museum in Munich and published the book ‘Augenblick Afghanistan – Angst und Sehnsucht in einem versehrten Land’.

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