Denken Tiere? Fühlen sie? Trauernde Elefanten, werkzeugnutzende Krähen, empathische Ratten – die Tierpsychologie zeigt: Wir sind nicht allein mit Bewusstsein, Emotionen und Intelligenz.
Themen:
Werkzeuggebrauch bei Krähen und Schimpansen
Selbsterkennung im Spiegel (Elefanten, Delfine, Elstern)
Trauer bei Elefanten und Empathie bei Ratten
Soziale Intelligenz bei Primaten
Cambridge Declaration on Consciousness (2012)
Grundlagenwerke:
Darwin, C. (1872). The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals. John Murray.
de Waal, F. (2016). Are We Smart Enough to Know How Smart Animals Are? W. W. Norton.
Bekoff, M. (2007). The Emotional Lives of Animals. New World Library.
Kognition & Intelligenz:
Goodall, J. (1986). The Chimpanzees of Gombe. Harvard University Press.
Hunt, G. R. (1996). "Manufacture and use of hook-tools by New Caledonian crows." Nature, 379, 249-251.
Emery, N. J., & Clayton, N. S. (2004). "The mentality of crows: convergent evolution of intelligence in corvids and apes." Science, 306(5703), 1903-1907.
Selbsterkennung:
Gallup, G. G. (1970). "Chimpanzees: self-recognition." Science, 167(3914), 86-87.
Plotnik, J. M., et al. (2006). "Self-recognition in an Asian elephant." PNAS, 103(45), 17053-17057.
Prior, H., et al. (2008). "Mirror-induced behavior in the magpie." PLoS Biology, 6(8), e202.
Emotionen & Empathie:
Bartal, I. B.-A., et al. (2011). "Empathy and pro-social behavior in rats." Science, 334(6061), 1427-1430.
Bates, L. A., et al. (2008). "African elephants have expectations about the locations of out-of-sight family members." Biology Letters, 4(1), 34-36.
Kommunikation:
Seyfarth, R. M., et al. (1980). "Vervet monkey alarm calls: semantic communication in a free-ranging primate." Animal Behaviour, 28(4), 1070-1094.
Savage-Rumbaugh, S., et al. (1998). "Apes, Language, and the Human Mind." Oxford University Press.
Bewusstsein:
Low, P., et al. (2012). The Cambridge Declaration on Consciousness. Francis Crick Memorial Conference, Cambridge.
Godfrey-Smith, P. (2016). Other Minds: The Octopus, the Sea, and the Deep Origins of Consciousness. Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
Jane Goodall Institute: www.janegoodall.org
The Nonhuman Rights Project: www.nonhumanrights.org
Animal Cognition Journal: Springer
Marc Bekoff's Blog "Animal Emotions": Psychology Today
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